Supervising associates? The Clinical Supervision Guides cover the supervisor's side.
On the road to licensure
This post covers steps 14 and 15 of 22: keeping every week of supervision in compliance and collecting the paperwork that proves it. See every step and form
Last updated: October 28, 2026
What the BBS Requires of Supervision for California Associates in 2026
California has 15,812 active Associate Marriage and Family Therapists as of September 2024, according to the California Board of Behavioral Sciences Licensing Population Report (BBS, 2024). Every one of those associates is working under a supervision relationship governed by a specific set of BBS rules covering supervisor qualifications, weekly supervision hours, documentation, and the modalities through which supervision may be delivered. The associate is responsible for understanding those rules and for verifying that the supervision they receive complies with them, because hours that do not meet the requirements may be disallowed when the LMFT application is reviewed. This post walks through the current supervision rules from the associate's perspective, the documentation that the BBS expects, the regulatory changes around telehealth supervision that have taken effect over the past several years, and what 2026 associates should be paying attention to as the Board continues to update its regulations. For the broader experience pathway, see our companion guides on California LMFT supervised hours, AMFT registration in California, and the how licensure works in California.
What Are the BBS Weekly Supervision Rules for Associates?
The governing rule for associates is a weekly floor rather than a ratio. An AMFT must receive at least one hour of direct supervisor contact in each week for which experience is credited, in each setting where the associate works, and a second hour in any setting where the associate performs more than ten hours of direct clinical counseling in that week (Business and Professions Code section 4980.43.2; California Board of Behavioral Sciences Marriage and Family Therapist Licensing Handbook, 2024). The requirement is measured weekly, not monthly or quarterly, and no more than six hours of supervision may be credited in any single week. The 1:5 ratio that circulates widely, one hour of supervision for every five hours of direct clinical counseling, is the rule for trainees still in a degree program rather than for registered associates.
The practical implication for associates is that supervision must be tracked weekly and that any week in which direct work outpaces supervision risks disallowed hours. Settings where caseload routinely exceeds supervision capacity (a not-uncommon situation in high-volume community mental health agencies) can produce a steady stream of hours that may not count when the LMFT application is reviewed. Associates should check each week that the required supervision actually took place in every setting where they saw clients, and raise concerns early when it did not.
What Are the BBS Rules for Group and Triadic Supervision?
California counts supervision in units. One unit is one hour of individual supervision, with one supervisor and one person receiving supervision; one hour of triadic supervision, with one supervisor and two people; or two hours of group supervision, with one supervisor and no more than eight people (Business and Professions Code section 4980.43.2(b)). Contact can be in person, by two-way, real-time videoconference or a mix of the two. Individual and triadic sessions cannot be shorter than one hour, while a two-hour group unit may be split into segments of at least one continuous hour, as long as both fall in the same week as the hours claimed (BBS FAQs for Supervisors, questions 16 and 17).
| Format | People with one supervisor | One unit | Counts toward the 52 individual or triadic weeks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual | 1 | 1 hour | Yes |
| Triadic | 2 | 1 hour | Yes |
| Group | Up to 8 | 2 hours, which may be split into one-hour segments in the same week | No |
The BBS treats triadic supervision as the equivalent of individual supervision. Of the 104 weeks of supervision an AMFT needs, 52 must be weeks of individual supervision, triadic supervision or a combination of the two (section 4980.43.2(a)(4)), so no more than 52 of the 104 weeks can rest on group supervision alone.
The limit of eight counts everyone in the group who is receiving supervision for clinical mental health services: associates, trainees and interns of any profession, licensees, 90-day-rule applicants, and unlicensed staff in exempt settings. A second supervisor in the room does not raise the limit (FAQ question 13), and since January 1, 2025, under SB 1024, it applies in any setting where at least one member of the group is required by BBS law to be supervised. The supervisor must also make sure that the amount and degree of supervision is appropriate for each person in the group (section 4980.43.2(b)(1)(C)).
How many supervisees can one supervisor have?
In nonexempt settings, such as private practices and professional corporations, a supervisor may act as individual or triadic supervisor for no more than six people at a time who are not fully licensed for independent practice (section 4980.43.4(c)). The limit applies across all of a supervisor's nonexempt employers combined, and it counts AMFTs, ASWs, APCCs, MFT trainees, social work interns, counselor trainees, Board of Psychology pre-licensees and 90-day-rule applicants. People who receive only group supervision from that supervisor do not count, and neither do fully licensed clinicians. Exempt settings, which are governmental entities, schools, colleges, universities and institutions that are both nonprofit and charitable, have no limit, although the supervisor remains responsible for the quality of each supervisee's services (FAQ question 12; BBS SB 1024 FAQ).
The weekly rules then decide how much of each format an associate needs. An associate needs at least one unit in every week and setting in which experience is credited, plus one more unit in a setting where they provide more than ten hours of direct clinical counseling that week, and no more than six hours of supervision count in any week (section 4980.43.2(a)). Two hours of group supervision satisfy the basic weekly unit on their own, but each week of group-only supervision is a week that does not count toward the 52 individual or triadic weeks.
The same units and limits apply to associate clinical social workers and associate professional clinical counselors under sections 4996.23.1 and 4999.46.2 (units and weekly rules) and 4996.23.3(c) and 4999.46.4(c) (the limit of six), with one addition for ASWs: at least 13 of their 52 individual or triadic weeks must be with a licensed clinical social worker. Supervisors will find every form each supervisee needs in BBS Supervision Forms for California Supervisors, and How to Run Group Supervision covers the group itself, from structure to activities.
Who Is Qualified to Supervise an AMFT?
The BBS sets specific qualifications for supervisors. An LMFT may supervise AMFTs and trainees if the LMFT has held an active license for at least two years within the five-year period immediately preceding the supervision, has received the supervision training the regulations require, and has signed a written agreement to provide supervision in compliance with BBS regulations (California Legislature, 2026, Business and Professions Code section 4980.03(g)). The training runs in two parts. A licensee supervising for the first time in California completes fifteen hours of supervision training, either within the two years before supervision begins or within 60 days after it begins. Thereafter the supervisor completes six hours of continuing professional development in supervision during each subsequent renewal period in which they are providing supervision (16 CCR 1834). A valid and active approved supervisor certification from AAMFT, ABECSW, CAMFT or CCE is accepted in place of both. The two-year post-licensure requirement is intended to ensure that supervisors have moved past the early-career stage themselves before taking on responsibility for an associate's clinical development.
LCSWs, LPCCs, psychologists and board-certified psychiatrists may also supervise AMFTs with no cap on the hours they supervise, and licensed educational psychologists may supervise up to 1,200 hours of educationally related mental health services; Who Can Supervise Whom in California covers every combination.
The supervisor must also be employed by the same employer as the supervisee or must have a defined supervisory relationship documented through an approved process. A supervisor cannot legally supervise an associate who is in private practice as an independent contractor, and an AMFT may not work as an independent contractor in any setting. These structural rules are intended to ensure that the supervisor has actual visibility into the supervisee's clinical work and authority to direct it.
How Does Telehealth and Videoconferencing Affect Supervision?
The BBS has formally accepted supervision delivered via HIPAA-compliant videoconferencing as a permanent modality, a shift that began as a pandemic-era accommodation and has been codified in subsequent regulation. The Telehealth Committee Report (BBS, 2024) describes the Board's ongoing work on expanding the use of videoconferencing in both clinical practice and supervision. Triadic and group supervision may be conducted via HIPAA-compliant videoconferencing under current rules, and individual supervision is also permitted via the same modality under defined conditions.
This shift is consequential for associates working in hybrid or remote settings. An associate who lives in a region where in-person supervision options are limited can now legally accumulate hours under a supervisor located elsewhere in California, provided the HIPAA and consent requirements are satisfied. The Department of Health Care Services Biennial Telehealth Utilization Report (DHCS, 2024) documents that specialty mental health telehealth visits in California have stabilized at above 30 percent of total visits, roughly a 300 percent increase over the pre-pandemic baseline. Supervision delivered via videoconferencing is part of a broader regulatory acknowledgment that virtual care is now a standard delivery mode.
The practical caveat is that video supervision is not the same as supervision that uses video. The BBS rule allows the supervision meeting itself to occur over videoconferencing. The clinical-quality question is whether the supervisor reviews video recordings of the associate's actual sessions, which is a separate practice and not required by the BBS. Video review of sessions is one of the practices most consistently associated in the research literature with measurable supervisee growth. Associates should ask supervisors directly whether session videos are reviewed, regardless of whether the supervision meeting itself is in-person or virtual.
What Documentation Must Associates and Supervisors Keep?
Supervisors keep supervision records for seven years after supervision ends. That deadline, the Supervision Agreement due within 60 days of starting, and the rest of the supervision timeline are in California Therapist Rules & Deadlines.
The BBS requires written documentation of supervision throughout the AMFT period. The specific forms and documentation vary across settings, but the core elements are consistent. Supervisor and supervisee must sign a Supervision Agreement, which includes a collaboratively developed supervisory plan, within 60 days of the start of the supervisory relationship; relationships that began before January 1, 2022, used the earlier Supervisor Responsibility Statement instead. Both supervisor and supervisee must maintain weekly logs of supervised hours showing direct counseling hours, nonclinical hours, and supervision hours by modality. The BBS provides an Experience Verification Form that the supervisor completes and signs at the conclusion of the supervisory relationship to certify the hours.
The Weekly Summary of Hours and the Verification of Experience documents are the records that the BBS reviews when the LMFT application is submitted. Hours not adequately documented may be disallowed. Associates are well advised to maintain their own copies of weekly logs throughout the AMFT period, separately from whatever system the employer uses, because employer turnover and record-loss are real risks across the typical two-and-a-half to three years of associate work. Those copies matter even more if you ever seek licensure elsewhere, since requirements vary by state. The LMFT Application form specifies the required documents.
One practical recommendation: maintain the weekly log in real time, not retroactively. Reconstructing weeks of clinical work from memory at year-end produces records that are both less accurate and less defensible if the BBS audits the application. Apps and spreadsheets designed for AMFT hour tracking exist. The format does not matter; the consistency does.
Supervisors will find the forms they sign, from the Supervision Agreement to the Experience Verification, in BBS Supervision Forms for California Supervisors.
What Counts as Direct Clinical Counseling Versus Nonclinical Work?
The 3,000-hour requirement is structured as a minimum of 1,750 hours of direct clinical counseling, of which at least 500 must involve diagnosis and treatment of couples, families, or children, and no more than 1,250 hours of nonclinical work (BBS, 2024). The classification of each hour matters because the second weekly hour of supervision is triggered by direct counseling hours, not by all clinical work.
Direct clinical counseling means face-to-face or videoconferencing therapy with clients, including individual, couple, family, and group therapy, intakes, assessments, suicide risk evaluations, and crisis interventions. Nonclinical hours include progress notes, treatment plan documentation, case conferences, consultation, professional development activities, and administrative tasks related to clinical work. Supervision itself counts toward the nonclinical 1,250-hour cap, as do certain other categories the BBS specifies.
One specific and common error: time spent in supervision is supervision time and counts toward the nonclinical maximum, but the supervisor's clinical work that the associate observes is not direct counseling for the associate. An AMFT who watches the supervisor conduct a session is not accumulating direct counseling hours during that observation. The hours rules are technical, the BBS is strict about classification, and the supervisor is the primary check on whether the associate is correctly categorizing each hour.
What Has Changed in Recent BBS Regulation and What Is Coming in 2026?
Several regulatory shifts have taken effect over the past several years that California associates working in 2026 should be aware of. The formal acceptance of HIPAA-compliant videoconferencing for all supervision modalities is one. The reduction of the LMFT Clinical Examination from 170 to 150 total questions, effective September 1, 2024, with 125 of those scored, is another (BBS Item 8 Update, 2024). The BBS has also significantly reduced AMFT registration processing times: in FY 2024/2025, processing dropped from an average of 52 days to 27 days, a 48 percent reduction, with fourth-quarter processing times as low as 12 days (BBS Executive Officer Report, 2025). For graduates aiming to begin paid supervised work in the weeks immediately following graduation, this acceleration is meaningful.
The Board's ongoing rule-making activity in 2025 and 2026 includes continued attention to telehealth and videoconferencing standards, examination development workshops for the LMFT Clinical and Law and Ethics exams (four such workshops were held between April and June 2025 alone, according to the August 2025 Board Meeting Minutes), and engagement with the Department of Health Care Access and Information on the 2026 to 2030 Workforce Education and Training Plan. Associates should treat the BBS website as the authoritative source for current and pending changes and should subscribe to BBS notifications. Regulatory shifts that affect supervision rules typically appear in agenda materials before they take effect, and associates who follow the process have time to adjust documentation practices and supervision arrangements accordingly. Two laws enacted in 2026 apply from January 1, 2027: SB 1445 limits the videoconference assessment to supervision conducted by videoconference, and AB 1598 extends the period in which experience hours count from six to seven years and allows an associate registration to be renewed six times.
What Should Associates Ask Their Supervisor During the First Month?
The associate-supervisor relationship is unusual in that it is simultaneously a legal compliance arrangement and a developmental relationship. The compliance side is non-negotiable. The developmental side determines whether the AMFT years move the associate's clinical skill or simply accumulate hours.
The compliance questions to ask in the first month include: How does the supervisor want weekly logs submitted? When will the Supervision Agreement be signed, and what format will the Experience Verification Form take? What is the supervisor's process if the weekly supervision requirement is at risk in any given week? Is the supervisor available for emergency consultation between scheduled supervision meetings? Are there backup supervisors authorized when the primary supervisor is unavailable?
The developmental questions are equally important. Does the supervisor want to review video recordings of sessions, or only verbal summaries? Does the supervisor use a structured supervision protocol, or is each meeting unstructured? Does the supervisor use routine outcome monitoring with the cases under supervision? How does the supervisor handle disagreements or feedback about the supervision itself? Will the supervisor invite the supervisee to give feedback, or is the feedback flow one-directional? The peer-reviewed literature suggests that associates who work with supervisors who use video review, outcome monitoring, and structured deliberate practice exercises grow faster as clinicians than associates who work with supervisors who rely on verbal case discussion alone. These are also the questions worth asking about a graduate program before you enroll, because the habits a program builds are the habits you carry into supervision.
What Does the Research Say About Effective Supervision?
The literature on supervision is sobering. In a study of 6,521 clients seen by 175 trainee therapists supervised by 23 supervisors at a large Canadian counseling center over five years, "supervisors accounted for less than 0.01 percent of the variance in psychotherapy outcome, a finding that a colleague called horrifying" (Rousmaniere, 2017, pp. 11-12, citing Rousmaniere, Swift, Babins-Wagner, Whipple, and Berzins, 2014). Trainees also systematically withhold information from supervisors: 84 percent of trainees in one study reported withholding information, with a "negative perception of supervision being the most common topic withheld" (Rousmaniere, 2017, p. 10, citing Mehr, Ladany, and Caskie, 2010).
These findings have direct implications for the BBS supervision requirements. Meeting the weekly supervision requirement is necessary but not sufficient to ensure that supervision moves clinical skill. Associates who simply accumulate the required supervision hours under whatever supervisor is assigned, without paying attention to whether the supervision is using the practices that the literature suggests are effective, are leaving substantial clinical growth on the table. The BBS regulates the structural conditions of supervision. The quality of what happens inside the supervision hour is a separate question that the associate is in the best position to influence by choosing settings and supervisors deliberately.
Rousmaniere, Goodyear, Miller, and Wampold wrote in The Cycle of Excellence that "data suggest that supervision, as currently practiced, does not have a reliable impact on client outcome" (Rousmaniere et al., 2017, p. 271). The implication is not that supervision is unimportant. It is that the field has known for some time that supervision needs to be done differently than it typically has been, and that associates who seek out supervisors with formal training in deliberate practice, video review, and outcome monitoring are positioning themselves for stronger clinical development.
A Closer Look at One Program: Sentio University's Supervision Model
The following description of one specific approach to supervision is offered as a concrete example of what supervision can look like when designed around skill rather than around the compliance minimum, not as a recommendation against other settings.
Sentio trains supervisors through a video-based supervision program that runs in six- and twelve-month tracks, during which they supervise trainees with guidance from senior trainers, and the program uses the Sentio Supervision Model (SSM), a peer-reviewed structured protocol for a 50-minute supervision hour that integrates outcome monitoring, video review, and deliberate practice rehearsal (Brand, Miller-Bottome, Vaz, and Rousmaniere, 2025). All therapy sessions at the affiliated Sentio Counseling Center are videotaped, all counselors use routine outcome monitoring with every client every session, and all supervision sessions are videotaped for review with senior faculty in regular sup-of-sup meetings (Rousmaniere and Vaz, 2025).
As Brand describes the supervisor experience inside this model, "supervisees actually really appreciate direct corrective feedback when contained within the SSM. The more comfortable I have become with my corrective feedback, the more my supervisees are reporting that they can see and feel themselves becoming better therapists in each supervision hour" (Brand et al., 2025, p. 7). The relevance for prospective associates is that supervision conducted under a structured protocol with video and outcome data is doing something measurably different from supervision conducted around verbal case discussion. Whether or not Sentio is the right setting for any given associate, the question of what protocol a supervisor uses is worth asking. Learn more at the Sentio MFT program overview, how Sentio compares against the other California programs, the guaranteed practicum placement at the Sentio Counseling Center, and the AI certification program for therapists.
Making Your Decision
The BBS supervision requirements are a regulatory floor. They define what California will recognize as countable supervised experience, but they do not define what good supervision looks like. The most useful actions an associate can take are practical: track every hour in real time, verify that each supervisor meets the BBS qualifications and has the documentation in order, and choose settings and supervisors with attention to what the supervision actually does, not just whether it counts. The most reliable way to evaluate a prospective supervisor is to talk with their current and former supervisees about how supervision actually functions in practice. Ask whether sessions are reviewed on video, whether outcome data is used, whether feedback flows in both directions. Trust what current supervisees describe over what the supervisor's website says. Your associate years are the most formative stretch of your clinical development, and the supervision you receive will shape your work for decades. They are also the years when you are earning least while working hardest.
On the road to licensure
Previous: AMFT employment rules · Next: Who can supervise you · All 22 steps
Keep reading
How therapist licensure works in California, the whole path from application to licence.
What therapists earn before licensure in California, what the associate years actually pay.
MFT license requirements by state, if you may not stay in California.
MFT programs in California, every BBS-approved program in the state.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much supervision does the BBS require of a California AMFT each week?
The BBS requires at least one hour of direct supervisor contact in every week for which experience is credited, in each setting where the associate works, plus a second hour in any setting where the associate performs more than ten hours of direct clinical counseling that week. A unit of supervision is one hour of individual or triadic supervision, or two hours of group supervision. The requirement is measured weekly, not monthly, and no more than six hours may be credited in a single week.
Who can supervise an AMFT in California?
An LMFT, LCSW, LPCC, licensed psychologist or board-certified psychiatrist may supervise an AMFT after holding an active license for at least two of the five years before supervising and practicing psychotherapy, or supervising it, for two of those years; a licensed educational psychologist may supervise up to 1,200 hours of educationally related mental health services. BBS licensees also complete the BBS supervisor training unless they hold an approved supervisor certification, while psychologists and psychiatrists are exempt from it, and supervisor and associate sign a Supervision Agreement within 60 days of starting. No cap applies to hours under an LCSW, LPCC, psychologist or psychiatrist.
Can supervision be conducted via videoconferencing in California?
Yes. Supervision by two-way, real-time videoconferencing counts as face-to-face supervision in every setting, a rule SB 775 made permanent from January 1, 2026. The supervisor must also assess, within 60 days, whether videoconferencing suits the supervisee, document the result, and protect client confidentiality. Supervision by telephone does not count. How much the supervisor observes sessions or reviews recordings is left to the supervisor's judgment, and any recording needs the client's written consent.
What documentation must an associate keep?
Associates and supervisors must sign a Supervision Agreement within 60 days of the start of the supervisory relationship, maintain weekly logs of direct counseling hours, nonclinical hours, and supervision hours by modality, and complete the BBS Experience Verification Form at the conclusion of the relationship. Hours not adequately documented may be disallowed when the LMFT application is reviewed.
How does group supervision count toward the weekly requirement?
Two hours of group supervision, with one supervisor and no more than eight people receiving supervision, count as one unit, the same as one hour of individual or triadic supervision. The two hours may be split into segments of at least one continuous hour within the same week. Of the 104 weeks of supervision an AMFT needs, 52 must be weeks of individual or triadic supervision, so group supervision cannot carry more than half of them.
What is triadic supervision under BBS rules?
Triadic supervision is one hour of face-to-face supervision between one supervisor and two people receiving supervision. The BBS treats it as the equivalent of individual supervision, so it counts toward the weekly requirement and toward the 52 weeks of individual or triadic supervision an AMFT needs.
How many supervisees can a California supervisor have?
In nonexempt settings such as private practices, a supervisor may act as individual or triadic supervisor for no more than six people at a time who are not fully licensed, counted across all of the supervisor's nonexempt employers. People who receive only group supervision do not count toward the six, and exempt settings such as government agencies, schools and nonprofit charitable institutions have no limit. A supervision group may include no more than eight people receiving supervision.
What is the difference between direct counseling and nonclinical hours?
Direct counseling is face-to-face or videoconferencing therapy with clients, including intakes, assessments, and crisis interventions. Nonclinical work includes progress notes, treatment plan documentation, case conferences, professional development, and administrative work related to clinical practice. The 3,000-hour requirement includes a minimum of 1,750 hours of direct counseling and a maximum of 1,250 hours of nonclinical work.
What happens if the weekly supervision requirement is not met in a particular week?
Direct counseling hours claimed for a week in which the required supervision did not take place may be disallowed when the LMFT application is reviewed. Associates should track supervision hours weekly and raise concerns with the supervisor and employer early when the math is at risk, rather than discovering disallowed hours years later at the application stage.
Have BBS supervision rules changed in 2025 or 2026?
SB 775 made videoconference supervision permanent from January 1, 2026. Two laws enacted in 2026 apply from January 1, 2027: SB 1445 limits the videoconference assessment to supervision conducted by videoconference, and AB 1598 extends the period in which experience hours count from six to seven years and allows an associate registration to be renewed six times. Associates should subscribe to BBS notifications and consult the BBS website for current and pending changes.
References
Brand, J., Miller-Bottome, M., Vaz, A., and Rousmaniere, T. (2025). Deliberate practice supervision in action: The Sentio Supervision Model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23790
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2024). Application for LMFT Licensure (In-State). https://www.bbs.ca.gov/pdf/forms/mft/mftapp.pdf
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2024). Marriage and Family Therapist Licensing Handbook. https://www.bbs.ca.gov/pdf/publications/mft_ada.pdf
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2024, November 14). Licensing Population Report. https://www.bbs.ca.gov/pdf/board_minutes/2024/20241114-15_item9.pdf
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2024, November 14). Telehealth Committee Report. https://www.bbs.ca.gov/pdf/board_minutes/2024/20241114-15_item17.pdf
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2024). September 19-20, 2024 Material Item 8: LMFT Clinical Exam Update. https://www.bbs.ca.gov/pdf/agen_notice/2024/20240919-20_item_8.pdf
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2025). Board Meeting Minutes August 2025. https://www.bbs.ca.gov/pdf/board_minutes/2025/202508_board_min.pdf
California Board of Behavioral Sciences. (2025). Executive Officer Report August 2025. https://bbs.ca.gov/pdf/agen_notice/2025/20250821_22_item_15.pdf
California Code of Regulations. (2026). Title 16, section 1834: Supervisor training and coursework. https://govt.westlaw.com/calregs/Document/I0192CC624C8211EC89E5000D3A7C4BC3
California Legislature. (2026). Business and Professions Code section 4980.03. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=BPC§ionNum=4980.03
Department of Health Care Services. (2024). Biennial Telehealth Utilization Report April 2024. https://www.dhcs.ca.gov/provgovpart/Documents/Biennial-Telehealth-Utilization-Report-April-2024.pdf
Rousmaniere, T. (2017). Deliberate practice for psychotherapists: A guide to improving clinical effectiveness. Routledge. ISBN: 978-1-138-20320-4. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315472256
Rousmaniere, T., Goodyear, R. K., Miller, S. D., and Wampold, B. E. (2017). Improving psychotherapy outcomes: Guidelines for making psychotherapist expertise development routine and expected. In T. Rousmaniere, R. K. Goodyear, S. D. Miller, and B. E. Wampold (Eds.), The cycle of excellence: Using deliberate practice to improve supervision and training (pp. 267-275). John Wiley and Sons. ISBN: 978-1-119-16556-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119165590.ch13
Rousmaniere, T., and Vaz, A. (2025, March). Sentio's clinic-to-classroom method: Bridging deliberate practice and clinical training. Psychotherapy Bulletin, 60(2), 79-84. https://societyforpsychotherapy.org/sentios-clinic-to-classroom-methodbridging-deliberate-practice-and-clinical-training/
